Louis R wrote:Just to make it absolutely clear, herewith the text of Article Five:
Article 5 wrote:The Congress, whenever two thirds of both houses shall deem it necessary, shall propose amendments to this Constitution, or, on the application of the legislatures of two thirds of the several states, shall call a convention for proposing amendments, which, in either case, shall be valid to all intents and purposes, as part of this Constitution, when ratified by the legislatures of three fourths of the several states, or by conventions in three fourths thereof, as the one or the other mode of ratification may be proposed by the Congress; provided that no amendment which may be made prior to the year one thousand eight hundred and eight shall in any manner affect the first and fourth clauses in the ninth section of the first article; and that no state, without its consent, shall be deprived of its equal suffrage in the Senate.
As you can see, not only can state legislatures not directly propose amendments, the population has no direct say in the process at _any_ point. Get 2/3 of America's sitting politicians on board and anything goes. Literally. Not even equal representation in the Senate is impossible to change under those conditions.
No for the 2/3 requirement of anything goes. Especially in the case of equal representation in the Senate. Why? Because you overlooked the additional 3/4 requirement of all state legislatures or state ratification conventions to vote in favor of a proposed amendment in order to ratify an amendment and make it part of the Constitution.
It takes 38* of 50 states to ratify an amendment. An amendment can be blocked by only 13* of 50 states.
There is only the Honorverse's proverbial chance of a snowflake in Hell that enough state legislatures will vote to ratify an amendment that would remove equal representation by state in the Senate.
Currently, 7 states have only 1 Representative in the House**, 5 have 2 Representatives, 3 states have 3 Representatives, and 6 states have 4 Representatives. The average number of representatives per state is 8.7***, not rounded off. Just the number of states with 1 or 2 Representatives is 12*. It only takes one more state* to block an amendment that would disadvantage the smaller (in terms of population) states. The smaller states will never be in favor of a change that will reduce their power directly not only in the Legislative branch (the Senate) of the government, but the Executive branch (the Presidency****) as well.
* These numbers will change as the total number of states change.
** Representation in the US House of Representatives is determined by (
formula) a states population relative to the total population of the states (not the nation, citizens of the US who are residents of a territory, as opposed to a state, do not count in this formula), which never gives a state never less than one Representative.
*** 435 representatives / 50 states.
**** The total number of votes each state has in the Electoral College (which actually directly votes for the President) is the total number of Representative and Senatorial seats allocated to the state.