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Girandoni air rifle

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Re: Girandoni air rifle
Post by lyonheart   » Wed Feb 03, 2016 8:16 pm

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Hi Expert Snuggler,


There might be some slight advantage as you say, but the Girandoni Air Rifle was intended for skirmishers, to disguise where the shooting came from.

Being stuck in a fortress defeats that advantage, and while Howsmyn's more modern tech would enable him to overcome the the quality control problems that killed the GAR; the simple fact is that it is now grossly obsolete compared to the M96 in range by a factor of 3-4 times its maximum range (125 yards] besides several time its average range [60 yards?], sustained rate of fire, ruggedness, and utility since it doesn't require only fortress use or a dedicated steam engine following it around, NTM when the smokeless powder ammunition reaches the field next spring, even that advantage will also largely be gone.

L


Expert snuggler wrote:A fixed position, like a fortress, could have a steam-powered air compressor and distribution lines. Wouldn't there be an advantage to needing to store less powder and not being limited by the cartridge manufacturing bottleneck?

Could you go full auto if not limited by fouling from black powder?
Any snippet or post from RFC is good if not great!
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Re: Girandoni air rifle
Post by Weird Harold   » Wed Feb 03, 2016 11:47 pm

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Expert snuggler wrote:A fixed position, like a fortress, could have a steam-powered air compressor and distribution lines.


Click Mythbusters
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Re: Girandoni air rifle
Post by Jonathan_S   » Thu Feb 04, 2016 5:52 pm

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peke wrote:I read somewhere (can't remember where exactly) that the shaped-charge effect was discovered by accident, like this: someone was doing some testing with explosive charges and armor plate, and the explosive charge in question had been accidentally pressed against a series of numbers in relief, so the metal-facing charge surface had letter-sized indentations. When the charge blew and the smoke cleared, the someone in question was surprised to discover that the plate was largely intact, but that the numbers had become gouged in the plate.

Is there any truth to this? Because I can totally see someone in Howswym's explosive shop accidentally doing something like this (or maybe set up to accidentally "discover" it)

My vague recollection was similar, but that it was specifically the manufacturer's name and/or product information that was stamped into the explosive that led to the discovery.

For what it's worth wikipedia's article on shaped charges references that.
wikipedia: shaped charges wrote:The Munroe effect is named after Charles E. Munroe, who discovered it in 1888. A civilian chemist working at the U.S. Naval Torpedo Station at Newport, Rhode Island, he noticed that when a block of explosive guncotton with the manufacturer's name stamped into it was detonated next to a metal plate, the lettering was cut into the plate. Conversely, if letters were raised in relief above the surface of the explosive, then the letters on the plate would also be raised above its surface. In 1894, Munroe constructed the first crude shaped charge
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Re: Girandoni air rifle
Post by Rawb   » Mon Feb 08, 2016 2:47 am

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On the Gatling Gun issue; Gatling Guns have a couple critical weaknesses. They're mechanically complex, prone to breakdowns, and difficult to manufacture, but they're also limited to the same ranges and lines-of-sight as rifles. Meanwhile, shell-firing cannon and even infantry mortars are able to outrange a gatling gun, while the infantry mortars can also easily outmaneuver them.

Gatling Guns are primarily useful against troops who aren't equipped with rifles, which would've made them effective against pike blocks and the pre-Allayn Mighty Host, but against what the Mighty Host of God has actually turned into, there's not much point to them.
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Re: Girandoni air rifle
Post by Weird Harold   » Mon Feb 08, 2016 4:16 am

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Rawb wrote:On the Gatling Gun issue; Gatling Guns have a couple critical weaknesses. They're mechanically complex, prone to breakdowns, and difficult to manufacture, but they're also limited to the same ranges and lines-of-sight as rifles.


Gatlings are easier to manufacture than many -- if not most -- rifle caliber machine guns. If the original Gatling could be built in the 1860s, Charis should be able to build one whenever they're ready for ammunition hogs blowing through a day's ammunition production in just a few minutes.

Being limited to the same ranges and LOS as infantry rifles doesn't seem to have hampered the employment of Maxims, Vickers, or Brownings on the Western Front. US Army Gatlings were used effectively against Spanish Mausers in Cuba. The Spanish Mausers were not only "rifles" they were far superior to the 45-70 Kragg rifles issued to US troops -- and not just because they used smokeless powder.

The problem with Gatlings -- or Hotchkiss, Maxim, Vickers, Browning (BMG .30 Cal) -- is that they're crew-served instead of man-portable/mobile. Something like a BAR or M14 (a derivative of the M1 Garand with select fire) in rifle caliber, or a lighter "Assault" derivative of the AK or AR series, or even a Sub-machine gun like the Thompson or any of the WWII 9mm SMGs is a far better fit for the Imperial
Charisan Army's emphasis on mobility and attack.
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Re: Girandoni air rifle
Post by lyonheart   » Wed Feb 10, 2016 1:22 am

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Hi Weird Harold,

You seem to be trying to restrict the ICA to hand held light machine guns, as you in effect proscribe the Lewis Gun for the ICA.

This has been suggested many times, but regardless of which light machine gun we'll see, the ICA will obviously need crew served medium machine guns as well for lots of reasons you seem to be overlooking for some strange reason.

Indeed, the idea the ICA could get along without a medium machine gun, which is a very peculiar notion.

While the Gatling gun may look complicated to some people, its been described as a brilliant combination of the good doctor's father's major inventions- a seed planter and a rotary cultivator and it worked rather well for decades, even into the 1930's in Central America despite a lack of spare parts, while some later versions used electricity, as did the GE Vulcan etc that began development in 1946, precisely to improve the reliability of very high RoF machine guns.

L


[quote="Weird Harold"][quote="Rawb"]On the Gatling Gun issue; Gatling Guns have a couple critical weaknesses. They're mechanically complex, prone to breakdowns, and difficult to manufacture, but they're also limited to the same ranges and lines-of-sight as rifles. [/quote]

Gatlings are easier to manufacture than many -- if not most -- rifle caliber machine guns. If the original Gatling could be built in the 1860s, Charis should be able to build one whenever they're ready for ammunition hogs blowing through a day's ammunition production in just a few minutes.

Being limited to the same ranges and LOS as infantry rifles doesn't seem to have hampered the employment of Maxims, Vickers, or Brownings on the Western Front. US Army Gatlings were used effectively against Spanish Mausers in Cuba. The Spanish Mausers were not only "rifles" they were far superior to the 45-70 Kragg rifles issued to US troops -- and not just because they used smokeless powder.

The problem with Gatlings -- or Hotchkiss, Maxim, Vickers, Browning (BMG .30 Cal) -- is that they're crew-served instead of man-portable/mobile. Something like a BAR or M14 (a derivative of the M1 Garand with select fire) in rifle caliber, or a lighter "Assault" derivative of the AK or AR series, or even a Sub-machine gun like the Thompson or any of the WWII 9mm SMGs is a far better fit for the Imperial
Charisan Army's emphasis on mobility and attack.[/quote]
Any snippet or post from RFC is good if not great!
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Re: Girandoni air rifle
Post by Weird Harold   » Wed Feb 10, 2016 3:18 am

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lyonheart wrote:You seem to be trying to restrict the ICA to hand held light machine guns, as you in effect proscribe the Lewis Gun for the ICA.


Not at all. The Lewis Gun fits the criteria of man-portable, Magazine fed, rifle caliber or smaller. It was usually Crew-served, but not always.

The ICA doesn't currently need tripod or limber mounted, crew-served "heavy" machine guns for defensive position because they're emphasizing mobility. Their Mortars and "Angle Guns" serve their needs for heavy, crew-served fire-power, without the employment restriction of of a "line-of-sight, rifle-range" weapon.

The ICA has learned from Gen. Custer that having the higher rate of fire of man-portable, magazine fed, repeating rifles will mean disaster for those with single-shot breech-loaders. The battery or two of Gatlings he left behind in favor of greater mobility in rough terrain probably wouldn't have prevented defeat, but they might have prevented a massacre. (unlikely because of Custer's laundry list of stupid decisions and the single-shot trapdoors issued to his troops.)

The Imperial Charisan Navy, OTOH could make good use of Hotchkiss revolving Cannon, or Bofors 40mm clones for close-in defense or even a "Ma Deuce" .50 BMG clone for close-in defense or light gun-ship armament. But the Navy has ships to hump its ammo and steam-power for higher rates of fire where needed. The Navy just doesn't have much use for rifle-caliber weapons.

Once the ICA has the capability to build "Gun Trucks" and tanks, they'll have a use for heavier machine guns. In the near future they'll profit more from general issue, select fire, magazine fed, shoulder-fired, rifle-caliber weapons. An AK, AR, or Garand (M14) deriviative than they will from crew-served, light artillery class, heavy machine guns.
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Answers! I got lots of answers!

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Re: Girandoni air rifle
Post by lyonheart   » Wed Feb 10, 2016 12:14 pm

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Hi Weird Harold,

Sigh.

Waiting for steam powered vehicles to carry crew served MG's is dangerous, if not completely unwarranted.

Just out of curiosity, do you know of any army in the world over last hundred years since LMG's became available, that has refused to equip their foot infantry with medium and heavy MG's when they're available, just because they're a bit heavier than the LMG's?

Your opposition to crew served machine guns for the ICA seems a little ridiculous, since the Maxim, Browning and even the 'baby' Gatling [60 lbs] all weigh rather less than the 3" mortars [234 lbs] the ICA infantry man handle behind them so well wherever they go, so your fervent antagonism is misplaced.

Moving secretly to new positions or bounding forward with medium machine gun teams [at least a pair each] was demonstrated by Rommel in his WWI eastern campaigns, as described in his book, nor was he the inventor or only practitioner of this tactic.

Then again, the ICA and the RSA cannot be on the offense everywhere all the time; for starters they dig in every night on the march, so using medium or 'heavy' MG's to help secure their perimeter makes a great deal more sense than relying solely on your one man MG's.

Nor are they competing with each other because of their different advantages and capabilities.

Until a belt fed MG34 type becomes available, the limits of the magazine dependent Lewis/BAR/Bren LMG's cannot provide the the concentration of fire or mass on target that the medium and heavy can, given their higher rates of sustained fire they can accomplish missions that the LMG's cannot, providing suppression on the objective.

From WWI onwards, crew served medium and heavy MG's have been used offensively by foot infantry, often taking advantage of surprise.

Almost by definition the medium and heavy MG's are the acme of the principle of economy of force, compared to any other force or group their size, which is the reason that controlling them is a primary responsibility of the unit command, to focus or concentrate the most firepower as flexibly NTM as simply as humanly possible.

The advantage of economy of force also applies to securing your flanks rear areas besides those not attacking at the moment.

Thus the medium and heavy MG's are a win, win, win, proposition 3 times over in demonstrating the 9 accepted principles of war.

So yes the ICA is more than smart enough to use both types of MG's in their respective roles when the time comes to field them, without bothering about waiting for mechanical transport.

L


Weird Harold wrote:
lyonheart wrote:You seem to be trying to restrict the ICA to hand held light machine guns, as you in effect proscribe the Lewis Gun for the ICA.


Not at all. The Lewis Gun fits the criteria of man-portable, Magazine fed, rifle caliber or smaller. It was usually Crew-served, but not always.

The ICA doesn't currently need tripod or limber mounted, crew-served "heavy" machine guns for defensive position because they're emphasizing mobility. Their Mortars and "Angle Guns" serve their needs for heavy, crew-served fire-power, without the employment restriction of of a "line-of-sight, rifle-range" weapon.

The ICA has learned from Gen. Custer that having the higher rate of fire of man-portable, magazine fed, repeating rifles will mean disaster for those with single-shot breech-loaders. The battery or two of Gatlings he left behind in favor of greater mobility in rough terrain probably wouldn't have prevented defeat, but they might have prevented a massacre. (unlikely because of Custer's laundry list of stupid decisions and the single-shot trapdoors issued to his troops.)

The Imperial Charisan Navy, OTOH could make good use of Hotchkiss revolving Cannon, or Bofors 40mm clones for close-in defense or even a "Ma Deuce" .50 BMG clone for close-in defense or light gun-ship armament. But the Navy has ships to hump its ammo and steam-power for higher rates of fire where needed. The Navy just doesn't have much use for rifle-caliber weapons.

Once the ICA has the capability to build "Gun Trucks" and tanks, they'll have a use for heavier machine guns. In the near future they'll profit more from general issue, select fire, magazine fed, shoulder-fired, rifle-caliber weapons. An AK, AR, or Garand (M14) deriviative than they will from crew-served, light artillery class, heavy machine guns.
Any snippet or post from RFC is good if not great!
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Re: Girandoni air rifle
Post by Weird Harold   » Wed Feb 10, 2016 1:14 pm

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lyonheart wrote:Hi Weird Harold,

Sigh.

Waiting for steam powered vehicles to carry crew served MG's is dangerous, if not completely unwarranted.


If the ICA already had heavy, belt-fed, crew-served MGs, you'd be correct. They don't already have such weapons.

lyonheart wrote:Just out of curiosity, do you know of any army in the world over last hundred years since LMG's became available, that has refused to equip their foot infantry with medium and heavy MG's when they're available, just because they're a bit heavier than the LMG's?


Once weapons like the SAW and select fire general issue weapons appeared, rifle caliber, tripod mounted, belt-fed MGs have been relegated to defensive positions and "gun trucks" -- That's anything bigger than an M-60 (M-240? in its current version.)

lyonheart wrote:Your opposition to crew served machine guns for the ICA seems a little ridiculous, since the Maxim, Browning and even the 'baby' Gatling [60 lbs] all weigh rather less than the 3" mortars [234 lbs] the ICA infantry man handle behind them so well wherever they go, so your fervent antagonism is misplaced.


I'm talking about what weapons the ICA should adopt next. They already have removable magazine tech in bolt action rifles being issued. They don't have belt-fed weapons even on the drawing board.

An AK derivative (in battle rifle caliber) can be made with minimum machining, and produced faster than heavier machine guns -- as can many WWII SMGs. It would use the same magazines or compatible high-capacity magazines as the current issue battle rifles to minimize logistics and manufacturing issues. OR it could be built around the .45 pistol ammo using smokeless powder.

Mortars and angle guns are indirect-fire weapons. The crew-serving them ideally will never lay eyes on an enemy soldier. Machine guns are limited to line-of-sight; if the gunner can't lay eyes on enemy soldiers, they're pretty much useless. Given that limitation, I'd rather have five riflemen with five select-fire rifles than one machine gunner, an assistant gunner and three to five "mules" humping ammo.

lyonheart wrote:Moving secretly to new positions or bounding forward with medium machine gun teams [at least a pair each] was demonstrated by Rommel in his WWI eastern campaigns, as described in his book, nor was he the inventor or only practitioner of this tactic.


There's even a US Army training film on youtube on how it is supposed to be done. That doesn't mean it is the best way to advance.

lyonheart wrote:Then again, the ICA and the RSA cannot be on the offense everywhere all the time; for starters they dig in every night on the march, so using medium or 'heavy' MG's to help secure their perimeter makes a great deal more sense than relying solely on your one man MG's.


We're going to have to agree to disagree on that point. I think that five times as many select fire rifles spread out over five times as many positions gives better protection to a temporary encampment than however many HMGs you drag along to emplace in temporary positions.

lyonheart wrote:Until a belt fed MG34 type becomes available, the limits of the magazine dependent Lewis/BAR/Bren LMG's cannot provide the the concentration of fire or mass on target that the medium and heavy can, given their higher rates of sustained fire they can accomplish missions that the LMG's cannot, providing suppression on the objective.


Again, I'm talking about the NEXT step, not the entire evolution of automatic weapons. Five select fire rifles in the same rifle-caliber as a machine gun can provide the same or more sustained fire by firing in (overlapping) rotation.

That provides continuous fire although not from a single gun. A mechanical failure, overheating, or jam reduces rate-of fire by 20% instead of 100% Time to change a magazine shouldn't be much more than changing a belt (or adding a belt of "disintegrating link" to the tail of a belt.)

Even reloading magazines manually won't slow a full squad down significantly.

lyonheart wrote:From WWI onwards, crew served medium and heavy MG's have been used offensively by foot infantry, often taking advantage of surprise.

...

Thus the medium and heavy MG's are a win, win, win, proposition 3 times over in demonstrating the 9 accepted principles of war.

So yes the ICA is more than smart enough to use both types of MG's in their respective roles when the time comes to field them, without bothering about waiting for mechanical transport.


The ICA does not necessarily have to follow the evolution of automatic weapons on Earth. The question for me is what would be the best fit for the ICA's demonstrated penchant for mobility in their NEXT weapons development. I think the point that virtually every modern army has a select-fire battle rifle in general issue is relevant.

Heavy machine guns, automatic cannon (like the Hotchkiss and Bofors) are probably inevitable, but they aren't needed right now. What is needed "right now" is an increase in the rate-of-fire of the individual soldier. Bolt-action are being issued. Semi-automatic is a logical next step, but a simple select-fire like an AK derivative isn't that much more difficult -- it fills the semi-auto niche and introduces burst and full-auto to the battlefield at the same time.
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Re: Girandoni air rifle
Post by phillies   » Wed Feb 10, 2016 2:43 pm

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Apparently there were weapons variants that I massed, but assuredly the M14 I was issued in the Army did not have an autofire setting, if that is what was meant above. It's something you can't readily miss, not to mention that I think that it would have been mentioned someplace along the way.
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