On Basilisk Station essentially left Medusa on the edge of a serious scientific shift:
Even if we nail him, there's no way to put this genie back into the bottle if he's taught the Medusans how to build the things. In fact, they're bound to figure out how to make heavier weapons—real, honest-to-God artillery—so unless we want to take over the role of guaranteeing the Delta's security with off-world weaponry, we're going to have to encourage the city-states to learn how to make the goddamned things just so they can defend themselves!
This isn't Marduk in the Empire of Man series (despite the multi-limbed giant aliens) where they already had guns and Roger just handed out a few ideas on improving them, this is ancient Mesopotamia getting artillery and rifles, and at least some of the science which sits behind it.
Plus, it's been several decades since that point, and during that time there've been two major incidents which involved off-worlders:
1) the massacre of ten thousand plus of the shaman's followers, which puts it in the same order of Magnitude of the Battle of Kadesh (20,000 per side), the biggest battle of the ancient world and a change-the-course-of-history type event.
2) Giscard's destruction of the orbital infrastructure, which - whilst I'm sure (Giscard was a fairly good person) there were no intentional eridani violations, blowing that much stuff up in orbit must result in some debris fall, not to mention bankrupting anyone in the city states whose economy depended on off-world trade.
Which would underline to the Medusans (at least, anyone with a brain) that whatever 'cultural protection' the NPA wanted, they couldn't afford to ignore 'off-world', and getting more understanding of what was happening in space would be important.
In addition, we know there was a sea change in Medusa's Legal status:
In fact, the Act of Annexation had been amended in ways that neither Countess New Kiev nor Baron High Ridge had ever imagined in their worst nightmares.
Not to mention that Manticore - in becoming the 'Star Empire' and absorbing Trevor's Star and Talbott - has clearly accepted 'open and declared sovereignty' for other worlds as a concept as part of its legal corpus.
It would be interesting to see if the same concept would be applied retroactively to Medusa.
1860s - Wormhole discovered, Basilisk is annexed
+40 years - Shaman's forces massacred, firearms introduced
+13 years - Operation Icarus - mass destruction of orbital infrastructure
+9 years - Shadow of Victory ('Now')
61 years isn't a huge amount of time, but it is definitely enough for some dramatic changes, especially if Manticore is permitting itself to take a more active hand.